How to file an RTI to get information from the Government?
RTI is your 'Power to Ask Questions'. You can ask the government about how they spent your tax money, why your road isn't fixed, or why your passport is delayed. The government MUST answer you within 30 days. It only costs Rs 10 to file an RTI, and for poor people, it is free.
Constitutional Basis: Article 19(1)(a) — Right to Know
The Supreme Court in 'State of UP v. Raj Narain' held that people cannot speak or express themselves unless they know. Thus, the Right to Information is a fundamental right under Article 19.
Legal Reality & Statutory Framework
The 'Right to Information Act, 2005' allows any citizen to request information from a 'Public Authority'. You must address your request to the 'Public Information Officer' (PIO). If they don't answer in 30 days, or give wrong info, you can file a 'First Appeal'. If that fails, you go to the 'Information Commission'. PIOs can be fined Rs 250 per day for delays.
Practical Example
Filing an RTI to see the 'Attendance Record' of a local government doctor who is never at the clinic.
Recommended Action Steps
- Identify the correct department (e.g., Municipality for roads, Passport Office for delays).
- Draft a simple question. Do not ask for 'opinion'—only ask for 'facts or records'.
- Pay the Rs 10 fee via IPO, Court Fee Stamp, or online portal (rtionline.gov.in).
- If no reply in 30 days, file the 'First Appeal' immediately.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
Q: Can I ask about someone's private life?
A: No. RTI does not allow asking for 'Personal Information' of others unless there is a large public interest involved.
Q: Is anything secret from RTI?
A: Yes. Section 8 lists exemptions like National Security, RAW/IB data, and cabinet papers until a decision is made.
Q: How much does it cost for a BPL person?
A: It is completely free. You just need to attach a copy of your BPL card/certificate.
Q: Can I ask 'Why' a decision was made?
A: No. You can only ask for 'Records' (files, emails, memos). You cannot ask for the 'reasoning' or 'opinions' of officers.