1992 Landmark Case

Indra Sawhney v. Union of India

Breaking News: RESERVATION LIMIT SET AT 50%: SC BALANCES SOCIAL JUSTICE WITH EFFICIENCY!

The Mandal Commission Case

Case Summary

The definitive guide on reservations in India. Established the 50% cap.

The Full Story & Context

When the V.P. Singh government implemented the Mandal Commission report giving 27% reservation to OBCs, the country saw massive protests. Lawyer Indra Sawhney challenged the move. The court had to balance historical injustice with modern merit.

Key Legal Players

  • Bench: 9-Judge Bench
  • Chief Justice:
  • Lead Counsel: Nani Palkhivala (Against)

The Verdict

27% OBC reservation is valid. However: 1) Total reservation cannot exceed 50%. 2) 'Creamy Layer' must be excluded. 3) No reservation in promotions.

Legal & Democratic Impact

It balanced 'Social Justice' with 'Efficiency'. It ensured that reservations help those who truly need them.

Simple Analogy

Imagine a bus with reserved seats. The case says you can have reserved seats for those who can't walk well, but you must keep half the seats open for everyone.