Part V - The Union • Article

Article 77 Simplified: Conduct of business of the Government of India

Article 77 is about how the government works day-to-day. It says every official order must be in the President's name. It also gives the President the power to make 'Business Rules' to decide which minister handles which department (like who is the Home Minister or Finance Minister).

Official Text

(1) All executive action of the Government of India shall be expressed to be taken in the name of the President. (2) Orders and other instruments made and executed in the name of the President shall be authenticated in such manner as may be specified in rules to be made by the President, and the validity of an order or instrument which is so authenticated shall not be called in question on the ground that it is not an order or instrument made or executed by the President. (3) The President shall make rules for the more convenient transaction of the business of the Government of India, and for the allocation among Ministers of the said business. (4) * * * *

Simple Meaning

Explain Like Ten

Article 77 says that every official order or letter from the national government must be written in the name of the President, who is the official head of the state.

Student Mode

Mandates that all executive actions of the Government of India shall be expressed to be taken in the name of the President, and authorizes the President to make rules for the convenient transaction of government business.

Example

When you see a government notification starting with 'The President is pleased to appoint...', it is following Article 77. Even though a secretary wrote it, it is done in the President's name.

Key Takeaway

The President's name is the official stamp on all government work.

FAQs

In whose name are all executive orders of the Government of India issued?

In the name of the President of India.

Who makes rules for the transaction of government business?

The President, acting on the advice of the Prime Minister and Cabinet, makes these rules (the Allocation of Business Rules).