Part XVII - Official Language • Article

Article 347 Simplified: Special provision relating to language spoken by a section of the population of a State

Article 347 deals with special provision relating to language spoken by a section of the population of a state. It protects or identifies Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes, socially and educationally backward classes, Scheduled Areas, or tribal welfare within the constitutional system.

Official Text

On a demand being made in that behalf the President may, if he is satisfied that a substantial proportion of the population of a State desire the use of any language spoken by them to be recognised by that State, direct that such language shall also be officially recognised throughout that State or any part thereof for such purpose as he may specify. C HAPTER III.—L ANGUAGE OF THE S UPREME C OURT , H IGH C OURTS , ETC .

Simple Meaning

Explain Like Ten

If a lot of people in a state speak a language that is not officially recognized, they can ask the President to help. The President can tell the state government to officially recognize it for them.

Student Mode

Contains a special provision for languages spoken by a section of the population of a State. Upon demand, if the President is satisfied that a substantial proportion of a State's population desires the use of their language, the President may direct that such language be officially recognized throughout that State (or in a specific region) for designated purposes.

Example

When the government must identify a Scheduled Tribe list, consider claims of SC/ST candidates in services, or review administration of Scheduled Areas, Article 347 provides the constitutional basis.

Key Takeaway

Article 347 supports constitutional protection, recognition, and welfare of historically disadvantaged communities.

FAQs

What is the threshold for a 'substantial proportion' under Article 347?

The Constitution does not define the exact percentage of the population required. The President decides based on representation and local demography.

How does Article 347 protect linguistic minorities?

It bypasses potential state-level majoritarian politics by empowering the Union Executive (the President) to intervene and protect a minority language, ensuring it can be used for official work, schooling, or notices.

Quiz

Under Article 347, who has the power to direct a State to officially recognize a minority language?

Answer: The President of India

The President can issue directions under Article 347 if satisfied that:

Answer: A substantial proportion of the state's population desires their language to be recognized