Part XIV - Services • Article

Article 315 Simplified: Public Service Commissions for the Union and for the States

Article 315 is the foundation of the UPSC and State PSCs. It mandates that India must have independent bodies to conduct exams and pick the best people for government jobs based on their talent (merit), not on who they know. It is the reason why anyone from a small village can study hard, pass the UPSC, and become a top officer in India.

Official Text

(1) Subject to the provisions of this article, there shall be a Public Service Commission for the Union and a Public Service Commission for each State. (2) Two or more States may agree that there shall be one Public Service Commission for that group of States, and if a resolution to that effect is passed by the House or, where there are two Houses, by each House of the Legislature of each of those States, Parliament may by law provide for the appointment of a Joint State Public Service Commission (referred to in this Chapter as Joint Commission) to serve the needs of those States. (3) Any such law as aforesaid may contain such incidental and consequential provisions as may be necessary or desirable for giving effect to the purposes of the law. (4) The Public Service Commission for the Union, if requested so to do by the Governor *** of a State, may, with the approval of the President, agree to serve all or any of the needs of the State. (5) References in this Constitution to the Union Public Service Commission or a State Public Service Commission shall, unless the context otherwise requires, be construed as references to the Commission serving the needs of the Union or, as the case may be, the State as respects the particular matter in question.

Simple Meaning

Explain Like Ten

This rule says India must have exams (like UPSC) to pick the best people for government jobs, not based on friendship.

Student Mode

Mandates Public Service Commissions for the Union and the States to conduct recruitment based on merit.

Example

Like hiring professional managers to run a company rather than letting the shareholders' relatives do it, the government hires qualified civil servants through examinations to run public offices.

Key Takeaway

Article 315 ensures that the best people are picked for government jobs through exams.

FAQs

Is UPSC a constitutional body?

Yes, it is created by Article 315.

Who appoints the Chairman of UPSC?

The President appoints the UPSC Chairman. The Chairman's post is particularly important — they preside over all meetings, represent the UPSC before Parliament, and their signature is required on official communications. The Chairman cannot be reappointed after serving a term, ensuring they have no incentive to please the government for reappointment.

Can the same commission serve two states?

Yes, Article 315 allows for a Joint Public Service Commission for two or more states.

What is the main role of a PSC?

To conduct exams and recruit candidates for the civil services based on merit.

Quiz

Which body conducts IAS exams?

Answer: UPSC

Who creates the UPSC?

Answer: Article 315

How long is a UPSC member's term?

Answer: 6 years

UPSC is responsible to whom?

Answer: President